Executive is an important organ of the government that is responsible for putting the laws and order into effects. It is also known as Council of Ministers or cabinet or government.
Interim Government:
The government which has been formed with political consensus among parties temporarily in order to rule the country during transitional period until a new elected government is formed is known as interim government. Example: The government of Khil Raj Regmi was Interim Government as it was formed to conduct election of constituent assembly.
Government of Coalition:
The government which has been formed by simple majority or coalition of two or more than two political parties forming two third majorities in the parliament is called government of coalition. This type of government is formed when there is not majority of any parties in the government.
Government of National Consensus:
The government which has been formed including all political parties representing in the parliament with mutual understanding and political commitment to rule the country during transitional period is known as government of national consensus.
The above 3 types of government are mentioned in Part 5 of the Interim Constitution 2063. The Prime Minister, after being elected takes the oath of secrecy from the President and appoints other ministers, state ministers etc. to form his cabinet as well as Deputy Prime Minister if needed.
The person who wants to be the candidate of the Prime Minister must be a member of the parliament. He/She can be the Prime Minister if he/she gets support of two third majority of the members in the parliament through vote.
Functions of Executive
a. Administrative function:
The Executive carries out all the important appointments concerning the administration of the state. It prepares plans and policies of the country and controls the daily administration. It coordinates with different departments of the government.
b. Diplomatic function:
Nepal is a developing country. It is in the process of development. Foreign aids are helpful for the development of our country and for that diplomatic relations are to be strengthened. Executive plays a vital role in creation of mutual understanding between Nepal and other countries through various plans and programs.
c. Financial mobilization and management:
It is also an important function where the executive takes benefits from taxes and revenues and distributes it in all the important sectors. It mobilizes and manages the financial condition of the state. It puts the budget into force through scientific and systematic way covering all the nooks and corner of the state.
d. Army related functions:
Executive controls, mobilizes and manages the Nepalese Army to provide security to the state from being attacked by the internal and the external fractions. It protects the country from all possible foreign attacks and maintains law, order and peace within the country.
EXERCISE
1.If you are given opportunity to interview with the prime minister, what sorts of questions would you ask related to the present context of Nepal. Prepare the model of any four questions.
If I were given opportunity to interview Prime Minister about the present context of Nepal, the model of my questions would include the following questions:
- When will you complete the integration process of People's Liberation Army in Nepal Army?
- To give final form to various undecided matters of the nation, when will the national consensus government form in Nepal?
- What would be your strategy for completing the constitution drafting process on time by giving final form to federalism?
- What would be your plan and programme to provide concrete aid to support the people who are suffering from price hike and assure them that your governance is pro-public than the previous one?
2. If you were the minister of tourism of Nepal, what plan do you want to make for the development of your country? Make your plans and discuss in a group.
- Researching the tourism areas, I would delineate them as tourist centers.
- I would prepare strategies to conserve the biological and natural environment so to increase the number of tourists.
- I would lay down the foundation of infrastructures including security for the tourists in tourism centers.
- I would preserver and promote the existing culture, music and tradition and request media and non-governmental organizations to publicize them as tourism centers
3.Is there any retired civil servant in your community who served the nation for a long time? He might have done many good tasks in his tenure in office. What questions could you put when you meet him to ask about the goods tasks he did? At present, if there are any persons working in the same post what message does he have to them? Write a story based on it.
There is a retired section officer of Nepal Government in my community. He was appointed in the post of general worker and promoted to that post. He did all the works ordered by his officer and which were in his responsibility. When he became a section officer, many responsibilities engulfed him. He made every decision conscientiously. He used to allocate the works with sincerity. He recommended every civil servant to offer quick, efficient, transparent and honest service.
4.What are the functions of executive?
Executive is one of the important organs of the government which executes the law that have been passed by the parliament. Its main functions are:
- Administration: All important decisions concerning administration are carried out by the chief executive i.e. Prime Minister on the recommendation of the council of ministers.
- Diplomatic: executive exercises power regarding various kinds of treaties, declare war, makes peace etc.
- Financial: After final approval, the budget is put into force by the executive.
- Legislative: executive has some legislative work like making by-laws, rules and regulation, to order for fresh election etc.
- Judicial: To appoint judges and maintain law and order in the country.
5.What is meant by executive? Write the structure of present government.
Executive is an organ of government which implements the law into practice. Nepal has a collation government. It is made under the leadership of Maoist. However, it is not the national government. The ministers are selected only from the collation parties. The largest numbers of ministers are of Maoist, the second highest number of ministers is that of Nepal Communist Party (UML) followed by the Madhesi People's right forum. Rest of the ministers is occupied by other parties. NCP (UML) secures the second rank in the council of ministers i.e. the deputy Prime Minister ship is occupied by the party.
6.Executive is the second important organ of government. Why? Write in brief.
Yes, executive is the second important organ of government. During the recent years, for various reasons, the importance of the executive has increased tremendously. In other word of Prof. Barker, "if the growth of the legislative organ was the notable feature of the 18th century, it may be said that the growth of the executive was only to maintain the legal system and collect the tax from the people in country. It controlled, directed and governed the state according to constitution and other sub-ordinate law.
Modern democratic state refers to state of people's welfare. In addition to maintaining peace and good governance, the government of a state must be responsible in each sector of development. Executive, in the name of government, must provide people with food, shelter, clothes, education, health, employment and security.
7. How has the 'Principle of Power Balance' implemented between executive and legislative in accordance with constitution of Nepal? Mention in four points.
The present interim constitution of Nepal, 2063 clearly mentions the 'Principle of Power balance between executive and legislative. These two organs of government function independently but with the principle of their check and balance are mentioned below:
- Executive prepares the annual budget but legislative approves it.
- Executive cannot spend the state treatment without approval from legislative.
- Legislative can bring the vote of no confidence against executive if its work is not satisfactory against sovereignty of the nation.
- Legislative makes laws, plans and policies which are executed by executive.
8.Explain two functions of executive on the basis of interim constitution of Nepal 2063.
According to the constitution the function of executive are as follows:
- Administrative function:Since it has to execute the policies, rules, regulations, it has got different governmental, government undertaken offices throughout the country from centre to villages. It has to perform activities which are directly related to the issues of people. Those offices are observe through district, region and centre with a certain mechanism. The head of all is the Prime Minister. He appoints the officials, makes important decisions. It does supervision, direction, control, decision according to the various circumstances that occur during its execution period.
- Financial functions:Finance is a very important sector of a country. Though it is under certain consecration of the legislative body the main functioning process is held by the executive body. A whole system of administration is active during the preparation of a fiscal year budget that is addressed by the finance minister. The rights of imposing tax, loan or aid reception from the foreign countries, and agreement on developmental works are observed by the ministry of finance. In the success of a country the role of executive body in terms of financial sector is more responsible.
- Things to remember
- Executive is an important organ of the government that is responsible for putting the laws and order into effects. It is also known as Council of Ministers or cabinet or government.
- Functions of executive is divided into Administrative function, Diplomatic function, Financial mobilization and management and Army related function
No comments:
Post a Comment